Sylvania



1,515,075 P. A. SCHULZ METHOD OF ROLLING SHAPES Filed Dec. 20, 1920 3Sheets-Sheet 1 igifl lave/2hr Patented Nov. 11, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PAUL AUGUST SGHULZ; 03E BETHLEHEM, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGN OR T0 BETHLEHEMSTEELOOMPANY, OF BETHLEHEM, PENNSYLVANIA, A. CORPORATION OF PENN-SYLVANIA.

METHOD OF ROLLING SHAPES.

Application filed December 20, 1920. Serial No. 431,943.

To; all whom it ma concern:

Be it known that I, PAUL i liueus'r Sonora, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and residing at Bethlehem, Northampton County, State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inMethods of Rolling Shapes, of which the following is a specification.

Structural shapes, especially H, I, and channel beams as heretoforerolled by universal mills have been more or less defective; in that thewebs of the beams were not of uniform thickness throughout. For somereason, the webs adjacent or at the junctures with the flanges were ofslightly less thickness than the remainder of the web; and this defectoccurred although the rolls had cylindrical peripheral surfaces. Inother words, the webs of the finished beams did not have the samethickness throughout as the distance between the adjacent peripheralsurfaces of the horizontal rolls of the mill.

It is the principal object of the present invention to remedy thisdefect, that is to say, to produce structural shapes in which the websare of uniform thickness throughout. To this end I have discovered thatthe defect may be remedied by forming the bloom or blank with a webhaving greater thickness adjacent the junc-tures with the flanges ascompared with the rest of the web and thereafter reducing the web toauniform thickness throughout. The features of novelty will be apparentfrom the descrip tion taken in connection with the drawings in which:

Figure 1 is an elevation of a roll constructed in accordance with thepresent invention;

Figure 2 is an elevation of part of a roll to a larger scale toillustrate more clearly the tapered portions of the periphery thereof;

Figure 3 is a cross section of a bloom or blank as it leaves theblooming mill show ing a shape adapted to be finally rolled into an Hbeam;

Figure 4 is .a cross section of the foregoing bloom or blank showing therelative size and shape of the blank after it leaves the first stand;

Figure 5 is a similar view showing the finished beam produced from theprevious blank in the second or finishing stand of the plant;

Figure 6 is a view corresponding to Figure 5 illustrating a beam of thesame site made by the present mills;

Figure 7 is a cross section of a bloom as it is discharged from theblooming mill adapted to be rolled into an I beam;

Figure 8 is a corresponding section showing the same blank after it isdischarged from the first stand;

Figure 9 is a cross section showing the The H beams and I beamsheretofore pro-- duced in such mills are illustrated in Figures 6 and 10of the drawings. It will be noted that the H beam shown in Figure 6 hasa web to, the thickness of which is reduced at the junctures with theflanges of the beam. Of course this reduction has been somewhatexaggerated in the drawing in order to emphasize the same. Similarly theI beam shown in Figure 10 has a web 10 with reduced portionsat thejunctures with the flanges. These reduced portions have also beensomewhat exaggerated in order to make them apparent. As previouslystated, these reduced zones occur although the surfaces of the rolls arecylindrical. It is the aim of the present inven tion to remedy thisdefect and produce shapes with webs of uniform thickness throughout,such as shown in Figures 5 and 9 of the drawings. To this end the bloomin one or more of the stands before the finishing stand is formed with aweb the thickness of which at the portions adjacent the flanges isgreater than the remaining portions. In the stands subsequent to thestand in which the thickkened portions are first formed, the saidportions are reduced and in the finishing or a previous stand arereduced to the same thickness as the other portions of the web. Theproduct is a shape having a web of uniform thickness throughout.

As a specific example, a plant may be considered consisting of ablooming mill, a first stand and a second or finishing stand. Topractice the invention with such a plant, in some instances the bloomleaving the blooming mill is formed with a web having thickened junctureportions and the cross sectional area of the bloom is reduced in thefirst stand, the bloom as it leaves said stand having a "web withthickened juncture portions. In the second or finishing stand the webis, further reduced and at the same time said portions are reduced tothe same thickness as the remainder of the.web,so that the shape leavingthe second stand has a web of substantially uniform thicknessthroughout. In other instances, the bloom which leaves the blooming millmay have a substantially uniformly thickweb; but leaves the, secondstand with the juncture portions thicker than the remainder ofthe Web,the finishing stand acting as described above.

In a plant consisting of a blooming mill, a finishingstand and two ormore stands intermediate the blooming mill and finishing stand, thebloom is formed with the thickened portionsaforesaid in one of thestands previous to the finishing stand and is deliver-ed to thefinishing stand with such thickened portions, where such portions arereduced and theshape discharged therefrom with a uniformly thick web. Ifthe reduction in the thickness of the Web is very slight in thefinishing mill, the thickened portions might be reduced in the standnext preceding the finishing stand.

According to the present invention the thickened j unctures are obtainedby forming the horizontalrolls of the mill or stand of the proper shape.Thus the cylindrical peripheral surface of the horizontal rolls ischanged by slightly tapering the portions adjacent the ends thereof. Aroll for producing the'thickened portions in H and I beams therefore,has itsperipheral surface divided into three zones or portions, that isto say,the central cylindrical zone and the end zones slightly taperedfrom the central zones to the ends of the rolls. Such a roll isindicated at 10. in Figure 1 and to a larger scale in Figure 2." Asshown, the roll has a peripheral surface consisting of the centralcylindrical zone or portion 11 and tapered zones or portions 12 and 13.Referring to Figure 2, the dotted lines 1 1 indicate continuations ofthe cylindrical surface 11 and In order to the drawings, the particularrolls shown being used in making 15 inch I beam. It will be noted thatthe taper of the end portions is only .025 inches in 2.80 inches. it isto be distinctly understood however, that the invention is not limitedto the dimensions given as they will vary with the dil" ferent sizes andshapes and the kind of steel employed. No definite rule can be given todetermine the extra thickness at the junctures for all the various sizesof shapes, or to determine the taper on the rolls required to producethese thickened portions. A very slight taper will give the desiredresult, and as far as I have been able to ascertain the desirableresults of the present invention will be obtained even if the thickenedportions are greater than the minimum which might be employed.

Referring now to Figures 3 to 5 inclusive of the drawings, the numeral16 indicates a bloom or blank as it leaves the blooming mill, thesection being of proper shape to be used in the production of an H beam.It will be noted that the web of this bloom is of substantially uniformthickness, although this is not necessary, as said web where it joinsthe flanges might be somewhat thicker. In Figure 4 the same blankindicated by the numeral 16 is shown after it leaves the first stand. Itwill be observed that the web 17 has the thickened portions 18 adjacentthe fillets joining the web and the flanges. The increase in thicknessis only very slight, an idea of the same being given by the distancebetween the lines 19 and 20, this distance being somewhat exaggerated asit is not possible to draw fine enough lines to indicate the same toscale. These increased portions of the web are produced by the rollspreviously described. It is to be understood that the bloom 16 is passedback and forth through the first stand several times and is reduced incross sectional area from the section shown in Figure 3 to that shown inFigure 1, the shape also being changed as indicated, these figures andFigure 5 being to scale. In Figure 5 the numeral 16 indicates thefinished H beam produced from the bloom of Figure 3. It will be notedthat the increased thickness of the portions 18 of Figure 4: have beeneliminated and that the web 17 of Figure 5 is of substantially uniformthickness.

Figures 7 to 9 inclusive show a blank or bloom in the different stagesof its manufacture into an I beam. Figure 7 shows a bloom 21 as itleaves the blooming mill. In this case the web 22 has the thickenedportions 23 adjacent the fillets joining the web and the flanges. Thesethickened portions are not absolutel necessary in the bloom, but in themanu acture of I beams best results are obtained if this feature isused. After leaving the blooming mill the bloom 21 is passed back andforth several times through the first stand and a cross section of theblank discharged from said first stand, is indicated at 21-" in Figure8. it will be noted that the web 253 has the thickened portions 23adjacent the fillets joining the web and the flanges. the same beingproduced with rolls as previously described. After leaving the firststand the blank 21' passes to the finishing mill and the fin ished beam:21 obtained from the finishing mill. is illustrated in Figure 9. Itwill be noted that the thickened portions have been eliminated and theweb 22 is of substantially uniform thiclmess throughout. The sectionalviews of Figures 7, 8 and 9 are to the same scale and indicate therelative sizes and shapes of the blank as it is discharged from theblooming mill, the first stand and the finishing stand.

The term structural shapes in the claims is intended to include H, I,and channel beams and any other shapes which may be rolled in auniversal mill and to which the invention is applicable.

Although a specific embodiment of the invention has been described. indetail, it is to be understood that the invention is not thus limitedbut includes modifications and. changes which come within the scope ofthe appended claims.

Having thus described the invention what is claimed as new and desiredto be secured by Letters Patent is:

1,. .he process of forming structural shapes of the flange and web typein a universal mill consisting in rolling a blank to provide a webhaving a central zone of substantially uniform thickness and lateralzones which increase in thickness from the central zone to the filletsjoining the webs and the flanges and thereafter in reducing the webbetween the fillets to a substantially uniform thickness throughout.

2. The process of rolling structural shapes of the flange and web typein a uni versal mill consisting in rolling the web with thicker lateralzones than the central zone thereof the lateral zones being joined byfillets to the flanges. and thereafter in reducing the lateral zones tothe same thickness as the central zone.

3. The process of rolling structural shapes of the flange and web typein a universal mill consisting in first forming the web of a beam withcentral and lateral zones. the lateral zones being of greater thicknessthan the central zone and being joined by fillets to the flanges. andthereafter in rolling the beam to reduce the thicltness of the lateralzones.

4. The process of rollmg structural shajms of the flange and web type ina universal mill consisting in forming the web of a beam in one standwith a central zone of uniform thickness and with lateral zones ofincreasing thickness toward the fillets which join the web and flangesand in reducing the web: to a uniform thickness in a later stand.

5. The process of rolling structural shapes of the flange and web typein a uni versal mill consisting in first forming the web of a beam witha central. zone of uniform thickness and with lateral zones whichincrease in thickness from the central zone to the fillets joining theweb to the flanges and. thereafter in rolling out said lateral zones ofa web to substantially the same thickness as the central zone.

6. The process of rolling structural shapes having at least two partsdisposed. at an angle to each. other consisting in rolling the blank toprovide one part having a zone of uniform thickness joined by a zonewhich increases in thickness from the first zone to the fillets joiningsaid part with the other part and thereafter in rolling the blank toreduce said zone of increasing thickness to one of substantially uniformthickness.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

PAUL AUGUST SCHULZ.

